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Objective: The aim of the present investigation was to assess histologically the effect of LLLT (GaAIAs, 830 nm, 40 mW, CW, (Φ) ~0.6 mm, 16 J/cm² per session) on the repair of surgical defects created in the femur of the Wistar Albinus rat. The defects were filled to lyophilized bovine bone (Gen-ox®, organic matrix) associated or not to GTR (Gen-derm®). Background data: A major problem on modern Dentistry is the recovery of bone defects caused by trauma, surgical procedures or pathologies. Several types of biomaterials have been used in order to improve the repair of these defects. These materials are often associated to procedures of GTR. Previous studies have shown positive effects of LLLT on the repair of soft tissue wounds, but there are a few on its effects on bone healing. Methods: Surgical bone defects were created in 42 animals divided into five groups: Group I (control, 6 animals); Group II (Gen-ox®, 9 animals); Group III (Gen-ox® + Laser, 9 animals); Group IV (Gen-ox® + Gen-derm, 9 animals); Group V (Gen-ox® + Gen-derm® + Laser, 9 animals). The animals on the irradiated group received 16 J/cm² per session divided into four points around the defect (4 J/cm²) being the first irradiation immediately after surgery and repeated seven times at every 48 h. The animals were humanly killed after 15, 21, and 30 days. Results: The results of the present investigation showed histological evidence of improved amount of collagen fibers at early stages of the bone healing (15 days) and increased amount of well organized bone trabeculae at the end of the experimental period (30 days) on irradiated animals compared to non irradiated ones. Conclusions: It is concluded that a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process of one defect associated or not to the use of organic lyophilized bone and biological bovine lyophilized membrane on the femur of the rat.