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Telemedicine has garnered significant attention over the past decade as a solution to cost and access challenges facing healthcare. Yet, utilization rates have not reached their full potential. One major barrier to the adoption of telemedicine cited in the literature is the lack of universal reimbursement from private payers. The purpose of this investigation was to capture a current picture of private reimbursement for telemedicine services in the United States. This investigation was a follow-up to a 2003 survey conducted by the American Telemedicine Association (ATA) and AMD Telemedicine. Representatives from 116 telemedicine programs were contacted between September and November 2005 via telephone and/or e-mail to participate in this survey. Of those contacted, we received responses from 64 organizations, a 55% response rate. To provide answers to our research questions, descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Data indicate that the United States is progressing toward expanded private reimbursement for telemedicine services with 58% of responding organizations who provide potentially billable telemedicine services receiving private reimbursement (up 5% from 2003). In addition, it was found that 81% of those who receive private pay reported no differences between reimbursement for telemedicine services as compared to traditional face-to-face consults. Finally, of those who receive private pay, data indicated that telemedicine programs are submitting on average approximately 40% of consults for private reimbursement. While this investigation does suggest that we are making small improvements in private payer reimbursement, the change appears to lag behind a pace needed to optimize telemedicine deployment.